Social Media for Small to Medium Enterprises Essay

Social Media for Small to Medium Enterprises - Essay Example There is a variety of social media sites such as Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, Twitter, which provide significant stages for small businesses to grow their businesses through converting the connections to potential clients (Safko, 2012, p. 28). They are also very important elements that the businesses can take advantage of in the process of handling their customer care services. When the businesses engage with their clients on the social media platforms, the connections assist them in appreciating the needs of the customers better and enhancing their service delivery. Modern drivers for change have been able to assist in the development of innovative features that assist in sustaining business competitiveness in areas that include creative design, virtual enterprises, social networks as well as mobile platforms. These reactions require tools that are based on information technology elements, the escalation of information content and a team that is very creative. Any small or medium enterprise wishing to enhance its accomplishment in the information industry should possess a critical understanding and an approach for addressing this relatively new environment. The internet has been able to come up with new functionalities that encompass real time business dynamics and relations, which are very important for the enterprises. If there is no regular improvement of the process that is used in managing this, it would rapid develop a paralysis since building the software systems that specifically address this can be a very intricate task. The software will need many people who are professionals and consultants simply to manage it generating the necessity of the small and medium enterprises to come up with a way to help them organize their data. The organization of these data by the small or medium enterprises should be in a smaller scale and cheaper to avoid having to hire expensive consultants or having to pay for consulting contracts. Businesses and companies

George cantor. infinite numbers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

George cantor. infinite numbers - Essay Example Cantor had the passion of becoming a mathematician and in 1862; he joined University of Zurich (Putnam, 10). Cantor later moved to the University of Berlin following the death of his father. Here, he specialized in mathematics and physics and this institution gave him the chance to interact with great mathematicians such as Weierstrass and Kronecker bringing him closer to his career as a mathematician (Putnam, 12). After graduating from the university, he ended up becoming an unpaid lecturer since he could not secure himself a stable employment. In 1874, he got a position as an assistant professor at the University of Halle. It is in this same year that he married. His intensive research and analysis in mathematics had not ended yet and it is during this same year that he published his first article on set theory. In his research on set theory, Cantor dug deep into the foundations of infinite sets, which interested him most. He published a number of papers on set theory between 1874 and 1897 and come to the end of 1897; he was in a position to prove that integers in a set contained equal number of members to those contained in cubes, squares and numbers. He also provided that the counts/numbers in a line which is infinite needs to be equal to the points in a line segment in addition to his earlier statement that values which cannot be used as solutions to algebraic equations such as 2.71828 and 3.14159 in transcendental numbers will be extremely bigger than their integers. Before these provisions by him, the subject of infinity used to be treated as revered. Such a view had been propagated by mathematicians such as Gauss who provided that infinity should only be used for speaking purposes as opposed to being used as mathematical values. However, Cantor opposed Gauss’s argument saying that sets are complete number of members. In fact, Cantor went ahead and termed infinite numbers to be transfinite and as a result came up with completely new discoveries (J oseph, 188). Such discoveries saw him promoted to be the professor in 1879. Kronecker opposed Cantor’s argument on the basis that only â€Å"real† numbers may be termed to be integers terming decimals and fractions as irrational with the interpretation that they were not elements of consideration in mathematics’ business. However, some other mathematicians such as Richard Dedekind and Weierstrass supported Cantor’s argument and responded to Kronecker proving to him that Cantor was actually right. Kronecker’s opposition did not stop or delay Cantor’s work and in 1885, he extended his theory of order types and cardinal numbers in such a way that his previous theory on ordinal numbers gained some special importance. The extension was followed by the article he published in 1897 that marked his final treat to the theory of sets. As a conclusion, Cantor elaborated on the operation of set theory. He provided that if X and Y are unique sets which a re equivalent to a subset of Y and Y is equivalent to a subset, say subset X, then X and Y must be equivalent. This provision on set theory received great support from many mathematicians such as Schrat and Bernstein, making it the most prominent and his greatest contribution to mathematics. Following this provision, Cantor’s work and contribution in mathematics went down and almost ceased.

Planeación estratégica

Planeacià ³n estratà ©gica REPASO DE CONCEPTOS Bà SICOS Planeacià ³n: Proceso de establecer objetivos y escoger el medio mà ¡s apropiado para el logro de los mismos. Planeacià ³n estratà ©gica: Proceso por el cual los miembros guà ­a de una organizacià ³n prevà ©n su futuro y desarrolla los procedimientos y operaciones necesarias para alcanzarlo. La planeacià ³n estratà ©gica debe de responder a 3 preguntas:  ¿Hacia dà ³nde va?  ¿Cuà ¡l es el entorno?  ¿Cà ³mo lograrlo? La estrategia se involucra en 6 factores crà ­ticos Desarrollo consistente, explicito y proactivo Medio para establecer el propà ³sito en la organizacià ³n basado en los objetivos de largo plazo, planes de accià ³n y asignacià ³n de recursos En quà © tipo de negocio se està ¡ La estrategia representa una respuesta al FODA para la ventaja competitiva La estrategia ayuda a diferenciar las tareas ejecutivas y administrativas y los roles a nivel corporativo de negocio y funcionales. Constituye una forma de definir la contribucià ³n econà ³mica y no econà ³mica que la organizacià ³n harà ¡ a sus grupos de interà ©s, su razà ³n de ser. Administracià ³n estratà ©gica: Es la ejecucià ³n de la planeacià ³n estratà ©gica. Planeacià ³n tà ¡ctica y operativa: Se relacionan a cà ³mo hacer el trabajo, mientras que la planeacià ³n estratà ©gica se dedica a decir quà © se debe hacer. DIRECCIONAMIENTO ESTRATÉGICO: Es una disciplina que a travà ©s de un proceso denominado planeacià ³n estratà ©gica compila la estrategia de mercado que define la orientacià ³n de los productos y servicios hacia el mercado.  ¿Por quà © es importante desarrollar un plan estratà ©gico? La necesidad de contar con una visià ³n comà ºn y un sentido de trabajo en equipo El deseo de controlar el destino de la empresa El afà ¡n de obtener mà ¡s recursos para la operacià ³n. La percepcià ³n de que los à ©xitos operativos actuales de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a no eran garantà ­a para el futuro La necesidad de salir de los problemas La oportunidad de explotar un nueva coyuntura o abordar una nueva amenaza. La necesidad de pasarse la antorcha y cargarla cuando hay relevos en la direccià ³n. La planeacià ³n puede tener 4 enfoques: Reactiva o planeacià ³n a travà ©s del espejo retrovisor Inactiva o que va con la corriente Preactiva o que se prepara para el futuro Proactiva o que diseà ±a el futuro y hace que à ©ste suceda. ESTRATEGIAS Para el diseà ±o de la estrategia del negocio se debe conocer el perfil estratà ©gico de la empresa, el cual incluye: Su enfoque de innovacià ³n Su orientacià ³n hacia la toma de riesgos Su capacidad de crear el futuro en forma proactiva Su posicià ³n competitiva Elementos del diseà ±o de la estrategia del negocio: Identificar las principales là ­neas de negocios o actividades estratà ©gicas que la empresa desarrollara para cumplir su misià ³n. Establecer los indicadores crà ­ticos de à ©xito que permitirà ¡n a la organizacià ³n al progreso en cada là ­nea de negocio. Identificar las acciones estratà ©gicas mediante las cuales la empresa lograrà ¡ su visià ³n de la condicià ³n futura ideal. Determinar la cultura necesaria para apoyar el logro de las là ­neas de negocio, los indicadores crà ­ticos de à ©xito y las acciones estratà ©gicas. Grandes estrategias: Una gran estrategia consiste en un enfoque amplio y general que guà ­a las acciones de una là ­nea de negocio. Las grandes estrategias indican la manera como se pretenden lograr los planes estratà ©gicos de cada là ­nea de negocio. Pierce y Robinson identifican 12 grandes estrategias: Crecimiento concentrado o concentrarse en un solo producto que haya sido el soporte rentable de la organizacià ³n. Desarrollo del mercado, es decir, agregar nuevos consumidores a los mercados relacionados. Desarrollo de productos, es decir, crear productos nuevos y relacionados que se puedan vender en los mercados existentes. Innovacià ³n, o generacià ³n de productos tan novedosos y superiores que los existentes se vuelvan obsoletos. Integracià ³n horizontal, es decir, adquirir o fusionarse con una organizacià ³n similar, para reducir la competencia. Integracià ³n vertical: desarrollar una red interna de suministros o desarrollar un sistema de distribucià ³n interna que acerque mà ¡s la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a a sus usuarios finales. Joint-venture o hacer equipo con otra organizacià ³n para desarrollar un nuevo producto o mercado. Diversificacià ³n concà ©ntrica: adquirir o fusionarse con otras empresas que sean compatibles con la tecnologà ­a, mercados o productos de la empresa. Diversificacià ³n: adquirir o fusionarse con una compaà ±Ãƒ ­a que equilibre sus fortalezas y debilidades. Atrincheramiento o reversar las tendencias negativas en las utilidades mediante una variedad de mà ©todos de reduccià ³n de costos. Desistimiento: vender por completo o cerrar definitivamente un segmento de la organizacià ³n. Liquidacià ³n o venta total de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a de acuerdo con sus activos tangibles y cierre definitivo. MODELO DE PLANEACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA (PE) Para la realizacià ³n de un plan estratà ©gico es necesario seguir los siguientes pasos: 1. Planeacià ³n para planear: Obtener respuestas antes de la inicializacià ³n de cualquier proceso de planeacià ³n. (Quien, cuando, donde, como.) 2. Monitoreo del entorno: Se debe monitorear 4 entornos principales: Macroentorno Industrial Competitivo Interno de la organizacià ³n 3. Bà ºsqueda de valores: Consiste en un examen de los valores actuales, la filosofà ­a de trabajo, los supuestos en las operaciones, la cultura organizacional, los valores de los grupos de interà ©s en su futuro. Valor segà ºn Rokeach: una conviccià ³n permanente de que una forma especà ­fica de conducta o estado final de existencia se prefiere de manera personal o social ante una forma opuesta de conducta o condicià ³n final de existencia. 4. Formulacià ³n de la misià ³n: Desarrollar un enunciado claro del tipo de negocio en que se halla la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. (Que, para quien, cà ³mo y por quà ©.) 5. Diseà ±o de la estrategia de negocio: Implica el intento inicial de la organizacià ³n para descubrir en detalle los pasos a travà ©s de los cuales se logra la misià ³n de la organizacià ³n. Acciones del proceso de diseà ±o: Identificar: LDN: productos o servicios que ofrecerà ¡ la organizacià ³n en el futuro. Establecer: ICE: indicadores crà ­ticos de à ©xito. Identificar acciones estratà ©gicas mediante las cuales la empresa lograrà ¡ su visià ³n de la condicià ³n futura ideal. Determinar la cultura necesaria para apoyar a las 3 anteriores. 6. Auditoria del desempeà ±o: Desarrollar una comprensià ³n clara de del desempeà ±o actual. FODA, el propà ³sito es poder proporcionar datos para el anà ¡lisis de brechas. 7. Anà ¡lisis de Brechas: Identificar las brechas entre el desempeà ±o actual y el desempeà ±o que se requiere para la exitosa realizacià ³n del modelo de estrategia del negocio. Evaluacià ³n de la realidad vs auditoria del desempeà ±o. El fin es cerrar las brechas entre lo actual y lo deseado en la estrategia de negocios, para ello està ¡n: Ampliar el tiempo para lograr el objetivo, Reducir el alcance del objetivo, Reasignar los recursos y obtener nuevos recursos. 8. Integracià ³n de los planes de accià ³n: Cada LDN debe desarrollar estrategias o planes maestros de negocios. Diversas unidades deben desarrollar planes operativos con base al plan. Pierce y Robinson hablan de 12 estrategias diferentes que se pueden implementar: Crecimiento Concentrado (en un solo producto) Desarrollo de Mercado Desarrollo del producto (crear nuevos bienes) Innovacià ³n Integracià ³n Horizontal Integracià ³n vertical Joint Venture ( Unirse solo para formar un nuevo producto) Diversificacià ³n concà ©ntrica ( adquirir o fusionarse con compaà ±Ãƒ ­as compatibles) Diversificacià ³n Atrincheramiento ( reduccià ³n de costos ) Desposeimiento Liquidacià ³n 9. Planeacià ³n de Contingencias: La planeacià ³n de contingencias implica: Identificar las amenazas y las oportunidades internas y externas Desarrollar puntos de partida a fin de iniciar acciones para cada contingencia Acordar los pasos respectivos para cada punto de partida 10. Implementacià ³n: Implica la iniciacià ³n concurrente de de varios planes tà ¡cticos y operativos diseà ±ados en el nivel funcional mas el monitoreo y la integracià ³n de los planes a nivel organizacional. DEFINICIÓN DE LOS VALORES DE LA ORGANIZACIÓN: La bà ºsqueda de valores en la planeacià ³n estratà ©gica aplicada involucra un anà ¡lisis profundo de los siguientes 5 elementos: Los valores personales del equipo de planeacià ³n Los valores de la organizacià ³n como un todo La filosofà ­a de la organizacià ³n La cultura de la organizacià ³n Los grupos de interà ©s de la organizacià ³n Como manejar las diferencias de valores personales: No pasar por alto un escozor Trabajar en la diferencia antes que se convierta en un problema. Las personas que tienen diferencias deben dialogar y tratar de resolverlas por sus propias cuentas Es bueno solicitar sugerencias al consultor sobre como acercarse a la otra persona o como definir el asunto de la mejor manera. Si alguien se acerca a usted con una diferencia de valores debe estar dispuesto a trabajar con ella sobre ese problema. Si despuà ©s de haber intentado solucionar el problema por su propia cuenta, no hay ningà ºn cambio, debe buscar la ayuda de un consultor. Si un individuo se queja ante usted de los valores de otra persona, motà ­velo a analizar el asunto con dicha persona. ANà LISIS Y MONITOREO DEL ENTORNO: Dos aspectos del proceso y alcance del monitoreo del entorno: a. Tipos de informacià ³n obtenida y la forma como se debe utilizar esta b. Efectividad del sistema de compilacià ³n, almacenamiento, procesamiento, integracià ³n y difusià ³n de la informacià ³n. La informacià ³n debe identificar oportunidades y amenazas emergentes en el entorno externo. Luego debe identificar sus fortalezas y debilidades para responder a estas oportunidades y amenazas. Se deben examinar con regularidad 4 entornos: Macroentorno Entorno industrial Entorno competitivo Entorno interno organizacional Aspectos econà ³micos: Tasas de interà ©s, Ciclo del negocio (afecta a la contraccià ³n expansià ³n) 5 pasos para el sistema de bà ºsqueda de informacià ³n estratà ©gica: Identificar las necesidades de informacià ³n de la empresa en especial para la siguiente fase de la planeacià ³n estratà ©gica. Generar una lista de fuentes de informacià ³n que proporcionen datos esenciales. Identificar a quienes participaran en el proceso de monitoreo del entorno (no miembros del equipo de planeacià ³n). Asignar tareas de monitoreo a varios miembros de la organizacià ³n Almacenar y difundir la informacià ³n AUDITORIA DEL DESEMPEÑO: El equipo de planeacià ³n debe evaluar donde se encuentra la organizacià ³n actualmente con respeto a: Perfil estratà ©gico  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   LDN  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Estrategias  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cultura 1. Anà ¡lisis FODA: Fortalezas y debilidades internas: Identificar las debilidades que es necesario manejar o evitar cuando se formule el plan y asà ­ mismo las fortalezas que se pueden aprovechar para lograr el futuro deseado. Oportunidades y amenazas externas: El equipo de planeacià ³n debe estudiar competidores, proveedores, mercados y clientes, tendencias econà ³micas, condiciones del mercado laboral y reglamentos gubernamentales en todos los niveles que puedan influir en la empresa, en forma negativa o positiva. La auditoria del desempeà ±o interno debe cumplir con 5 à ¡reas clave: El estado de cada uno de las là ­neas de negocio actuales de la organizacià ³n y sus recursos no aprovechados con relacià ³n a cualquier là ­nea de negocio que se pueda agregar. El estado de sus sistemas de seguimiento, es decir, la disponibilidad de los indicadores crà ­ticos de à ©xito identificados en el diseà ±o de la estrategia del negocio. El perfil estratà ©gico de la organizacià ³n, en especial, sus niveles de creatividad, sus niveles usuales de toma de riesgos y su enfoque de la competencia. Los recursos del sistema para ejecutar las diversas estrategias que la empresa ha escogido a fin de lograr su misià ³n, incluidas su estructura y talento administrativo. Un anà ¡lisis de la cultura organizacional actual, incluida su actual forma de realizar los negocios. 2. Là ­neas de negocio: El primer paso en la auditoria del desempeà ±o interno consiste en analizar cada là ­nea de negocio existente. Se debe tratar de utilizar los indicadores crà ­ticos de à ©xito establecidos durante el diseà ±o de la estrategia de negocio. Esto permitirà ¡ determinar si hay un sistema de seguimiento adecuado o planear uno en caso de que sea necesario. 3. Sistemas de seguimiento: La auditoria del desempeà ±o interno, que requiere la compilacià ³n y estudio de una variedad de indicadores del desempeà ±o, representa un examen general del desempeà ±o recuente de la organizacià ³n en tà ©rminos de los à ­ndices bà ¡scios de desempeà ±o que se hayan identificado como decisivos en el perfil estratà ©gico. Algunos ejemplos son: Flujo de caja, crecimiento, contratacià ³n, tecnologà ­a, operaciones, TIR. 4. Perfil estratà ©gico Es necesario incluir los siguientes 4 factores en el perfil estratà ©gico de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a: El nivel de creatividad Utilizacià ³n previa en la construccià ³n del futuro en forma proactiva Su orientacià ³n hacia la toma de riesgos Su posicià ³n competitiva tà ­pica Cuando la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a se fundamenta en estos factores su perfil estratà ©gico proporciona un contexto para comprender como empezara a ejecutar cualquier plan estratà ©gico. 5. Anà ¡lisis de los recursos: Para hacer este anà ¡lisis se debe hacer la siguiente pregunta:  ¿Cuà ¡les son los recursos actuales del sistema? Debe incluir competencias de personas, vacà ­os a llenar y cà ³mo hacerlo, recursos financieros para el crecimiento y como podrà ­an enfrentarse, etc. 6. Cultura Organizacional:  ¿De quà © manera ayuda o interfiere con la consecucià ³n de su misià ³n? Un mà ©todo para organizar las diversas impresiones de la cultura de la empresa consiste en utilizar el modelo de Harrison y Stokes hay 4 diferentes tipos de cultura organizacional: Cultura del poder Cultura del rol Cultura del logro Cultura del apoyo 7. Herramientas analà ­ticas adicionales: Ciclo de vida Los productos o servicios determinados progresan a travà ©s de una serie de etapas identificadas como un ciclo de vida. Las etapas son surgimiento, crecimiento, madurez y decadencia. Se debe identificar en que etapa del ciclo se encuentra cada LDN y en cual se hallan los productos o servicios clave. Anà ¡lisis de portafolio BCG: Los productos o servicios se catalogan en perro, vaca lechera, signo de interrogacià ³n o nià ±o problema, de acuerdo a las utilidades y volumen de ventas. 9. Oportunidades y amenazas externas: Se deben incluir los siguientes entornos: Entorno industrial: Cliente, disponibilidad MP, mezcla actual de marketing, ciclo de vida de la industria Competitivo: Intensidad de la rivalidad, amenaza de nuevos competidores, poder negociacià ³n de compradores, poder de negociacià ³n de los proveedores, la presià ³n de sustitutos. General: Econà ³mico, social, polà ­tico Especà ­fico: Aspectos no competitivos del entorno industrial, clientes, disponibilidad de materia prima, mezcla de marketing, ciclo de vida de la industria. ANà LISIS FODA: Despuà ©s de desarrollar el plan estratà ©gico, el equipo de planeacià ³n debe avaluar en donde se encuentra la organizacià ³n actualmente con respecto a cada uno de los aspectos. Es decir, se debe hacer una auditoria del desempeà ±o. Esto constituye un esfuerzo para identificar que es y donde se encuentra la organizacià ³n en la actualidad. Implica un estudio profundo y simultà ¡neo, tanto de sus debilidades y fortalezas internas, como de aquellos factores externos, es decir, oportunidades y amenazas que afronta la empresa. Una forma de hacer esta evaluacià ³n es utilizando la herramienta FODA: Fortalezas y debilidades internas: Identificar las debilidades que es necesario manejar o evitar cuando se formule el plan y asà ­ mismo las fortalezas que se pueden aprovechar para lograr el futuro deseado. Oportunidades y amenazas externas: El equipo de planeacià ³n debe estudiar competidores, proveedores, mercados y clientes, tendencias econà ³micas, condiciones del mercado laboral y reglamentos gubernamentales en todos los niveles que puedan influir en la empresa, en forma negativa o positiva. La auditoria del desempeà ±o interno debe cumplir con 5 à ¡reas clave: El estado de cada uno de las là ­neas de negocio actuales de la organizacià ³n y sus recursos no aprovechados con relacià ³n a cualquier là ­nea de negocio que se pueda agregar. El estado de sus sistemas de seguimiento, es decir, la disponibilidad de los indicadores crà ­ticos de à ©xito identificados en el diseà ±o de la estrategia del negocio. El perfil estratà ©gico de la organizacià ³n, en especial, sus niveles de creatividad, sus niveles usuales de toma de riesgos y su enfoque de la competencia. Los recursos del sistema para ejecutar las diversas estrategias que la empresa ha escogido a fin de lograr su misià ³n, incluidas su estructura y talento administrativo. Un anà ¡lisis de la cultura organizacional actual, incluida su actual forma de realizar los negocios. FORMULACIÓN DE LA VISIÓN Y LA MISIÓN: Este paso le sigue a la definicià ³n de los valores de la empresa, ya que tanto la misià ³n como la visià ³n deben ser congruentes con los valores establecidos. Una declaracià ³n de la misià ³n dirige la razà ³n de ser fundamental de la empresa y especifica el rol principal que esta va a desempeà ±ar en su entorno. Al formular la declaracià ³n de la misià ³n, una organizacià ³n debe responder 4 preguntas fundamentales:  ¿Quà © funciones desempeà ±a la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a?  ¿Para quià ©n desempeà ±a esta funcià ³n la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a?  ¿Cà ³mo va la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a en el cumplimiento de su funcià ³n?  ¿Por quà © existe la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a? Fuerzas conductoras Otro factor importante que se debe considerar es identificar y dar prioridad a las fuerzas conductoras de la empresa. Hay 8 categorà ­as bà ¡sicas: Productos ofrecidos Mercado atendido Tecnologà ­a Capacidad de produccià ³n a bajo costo Capacidad de operaciones Mà ©todo de distribucià ³n / venta Recursos naturales Utilidad / retorno

The History of Roller Coasters Essay -- Roller Coasters Amusement Park

The History of Roller Coasters Everyone remembers their first ride on a roller coaster, an experience of terror, joy and excitement, as you tower over amusement parks going through curves and loops. From wooden wonders and steel coasters to twisters and corkscrews, the great rides began with the Russian ice slides in the 17th century and have developed into the ultimate thrill machines of today. The origins of the roller coaster will probably never be a settled issue, historians and coaster enthusiasts could argue where it all began (Harris). The success and evolution of the roller coaster and white-knuckle ride has inextricably mirrored the growth and changing perception of the amusement park industry over the years. A period of intense innovation and development in roller coaster science have been interrupted by long periods of decline and neglect, but with each era comes a new success for coasters. Many inventors have aided to the progression of roller coasters and what they are today and it is important t o understand what they have done. There are many inventors who have contributed to the advancements of roller coasters and each of them have had a huge impact on what roller coasters are today. The earliest inventor would be August John Mueller, known as John Miller professionally, who was born in Homewood, Illinois in 1874. At the age of 19 Miller started working with a man named LaMarcus Thompson and became his chief engineer. By 1911, Miller was a consultant to the Philadelphia Toboggan Company (PTC), where he designed more than a dozen coasters for PTC, including the mammoth Giant Coaster at Paragon Park in Nantasket Beach, Massachusetts. During the late twenties and the Depression years Miller was associate... ...r Coaster Thrills in 3-D. Distributed by Goldhil Video, Thousand Oaks, CA 1994. (ES) Bennett, David (1998). Roller Coaster: Wooden and Steel Coasters, Twisters, and Corkscrews. New Jersey: Cartwell Books, Inc. (SS) Harris, Tom (1998). How Roller Coasters Work. http://howstuffworks.com/roller-coaster.htm [Accessed 9 April 2002]. (PS) Rathe, Andrew. Coaster – World.com. 2001. http://www.coaster-world.com/index.php. [Accessed 15 April 2002]. (ES) Sandy, Adam (1996). Roller Coasters. http://ultimaterollercoaster.com/coasters/ [Accessed 9 April 2002]. (PS) Silverstein, Herma. Scream Machines: Roller Coasters Past, Present and Future. New York: Walker, 1986. (PS) Throgmorton, Todd H. Roller Coasters of America. Osceola, Wis.: Motorbooks International, 1994. (PS) Wiese, Jim. Roller Coaster Science. New York: John Wiley, 1994. (PS)

Dracula Queer Theory

The existence of alien and intolerable behavior generates fear into society’s mentality of the expected conduct. But does the ‘queer’ lurk under the bed? Or is it a part of all of us? The classic text â€Å"Dracula†, written by Bram Stoker, is valuable in understanding the course of society in its exploration of tabooed acts and mentalities, supported by the â€Å"Queer Theory† prevalent in the mid 1900’s. Although the queer theory describes the author’s subconscious drive for homosexual and feministic expression, Stoker’s stand point, however, is to highlight society’s vulnerability caused by their oppression of individuality and lack of conformity. Through this text we have been able to understand the flaws in a conformist society where individuality and the â€Å"different† are oppressed. Each community has their own particular morals and ethics, and when the actions of the different penetrates and ‘influences’ these expectations, those in power result to force in order to restore the original values that were compromised. Stoker’s warning of the supernatural feared the people of his century, anyone who appeared or acted ‘differently’ to what was expected, as represented through the characters in Dracula. It has been rumored that Dracula extends the element of the â€Å"Queer Theory† to a whole distinct level. Through analysis of Dracula’s behaviors, it is questioned whether or not Dracula indeed was queer himself. Besides the supernatural and gothic abilities that he encompassed, Dracula showed evidence of homosexuality. When the Count saw my face, his eyes blazed in some sort of demonic fury† (Page 33), is evident of the desire for blood, which according to the ‘Queer Theory’ symbolizes his confused sexual desire for men. Dracula thus represents the disturbance in masculinity, as he enters his femininity; a further demonstration of the 1900’s ‘Queer Theory. ’ Therefore it can be argued that Dracula is valued by the social outcas ts of modern society as it gives hope to those who choose the express their individuality. Unusual behaviors are often intolerably indicated within a society that has strict expectations and values. Stoker’s upbringing revolved around women who were independent in their own ways, however societies expectations disallowed this aspect of humanity as men where thought to be the masculine and dominant figure. The queer theory suggests that Bram Stoker concealed his â€Å"mismatch of gender roles, sex and desires† (Judith Butler, 1994) due to the clashes of his personal upbringing with society’s expectations. Women being the submissive and weak figures reflected through the words of Stoker as he portrayed this bewilderedness through Dracula who himself becomes weak at any sense of unassertive or dominant sex. Dracula’s confusion is evident as he seduces the ‘devoted’ Lucy where he demonstrates the authoritative paternal figure yet. However, when he portrays his desire and possession of Jonathan, claiming â€Å"he belongs to [him]† (Page 46), he symbolizes the feminine teenage girl who has a fascination with the opposite sex.

Obesity in African American Culture Essay

?Obesity has more that just a physical effect on the body. Obesity also greatly affects the mental and emotional part of the body as well. Although you cannot directly correlate metal and emotional health to obesity, you can see that its effects do in fact play a role in the mental and emotional health of an obese person. While the effects of obesity do indeed reach out to all races, it is easy to see that mental and emotional problems from obesity in the African American culture are present in the culture. Depression, anxiety, and discrimination, are all results that are caused by obesity in the African American community. Many people are familiar with depression, whether it be a friend or family member that went through it or that they themselves went though it. â€Å"Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can have a negative effect on a person’s thoughts, behavior, feelings, world view and physical well-being† (Salmans 1997). African American obesity has a close tie with depression in African American people. When people are self-conscious about their weight they may think that people look down on them for this. This would cause them to think less of themselves or believe that others are better then them. In turn it can cause the obese African American to have a bad view of themselves, other people, and the world in general. This is exactly what depression is. You can see that depression can be caused by obesity in the African American culture. Anxiety is another emotional distress many people are familiar with. Anxiety is know as, â€Å"the displeasing feeling of fear and concern† (Davison 2008). Many people have felt the effects of anxiety in their own lives, whether it is before an important test, a speech in front of many people, or the big gam; many people feel anxiety. Looking only at anxiety caused by obesity in African American people is a different situation. Anxiety or nervousness before a big event is common and in many ways healthy because it motivates us to do the very best we can. Anxiety in African Americans because of obesity is not healthy; in fact it can be dangerous and destructive. By feeling displeased and concerned about their weight African Americans can struggle all through out life to over come these feelings. It could limit their goals and overall make them settle for less then they really can do. Anxiety do to obesity in the African American community is not a healthy and can severely constrain someone’s life. Discrimination in the African American community has always been a problem through out history. Slavery is a very obvious product of discrimination. Taking a more specific look at discrimination of the African American community because of obesity is a different situation. When people discriminate African Americans because of their weight it seriously prohibits their chances of succeeding in life. It could be in the work place or at school. By placing these barriers we are limiting the ability of the African American community and hurting their chances of having a successful and meaningful life. These mental and emotional effects of obesity in the African American community are unfair and wrong. People should not be judged on their weight. Davison, Gerald C. (2008). Abnormal Psychology. Toronto: Veronica Visentin. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-470-84072-6. Salmans, Sandra (1997). Depression: Questions You Have – Answers You Need. People’s Medical Society. ISBN 978-1-882606-14-6.

Wallace Carothers essays

Wallace Carothers essays Wallace Carothers was born in Iowa(1896). He was the oldest of four siblings. After high school Carothers studied acconting at Capital City. He then went to Tarkio College in Missiouri where he studied science and taught accounting. He graduated in 1920 then got his master from the University of Illiniois the following year. He took a teaching post at The University of South Dakota, and there began working on organic chemistry, He found he liked research far more than teaching. He obtained his PhD from the University of Illinois in 1924. He became an instructor at Harvard. In 1928, The DuPont chemical company opened a labortory for basic research and hired Carothers as the manager of a whole division. There he and his team created neoprene(1931) and nylon(1934). Through his whole life he suffered from depression. In 1936 he maried Helen Sweetman and had a daughter, but never met her. In 1937 his favorite sister died which added to his deprresion and his eventual suicide in April of that same year ...

Rhetorical Analysis Essays (1269 words) - Biology, Charles Darwin

Rhetorical Analysis Essays (1269 words) - Biology, Charles Darwin Kennedy Sims @02839811 English March 1 st . 2019 Rhetorical Analysis Biology is a subject that has always intrigued me. It is the major of studies that I took up at Howard University and in some way, it is what I want to use in my everyday life at work. The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin is one of the most prominent books in the biology field. It is biological literature considered to be the foundation for Evolutionary Biology. It introduces the scientific theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through the process of natural selection. This book contains scientific evidence to back up his claim and is aimed at the general public and secular individuals as an alternative to what the church believed and as an explanation of the origin of life. Charles Darwin used this book The Origin of Species to express his findings on how life came to be and explain the phenomenon of genetic similarities in different animal types. The book submitted evidence from an expedition in the 1830s and explanation for all his findings as well as names and details about the process. His explanation produced a body of evidence that the diversity of life came by common descent through a branching pattern of evolution. In the book, Darwin shares the concept of natural selection or "Survival of the fittest" as putting in his book on page 63 and argues that species are susceptible to change because of natural selection. This theory helps as a basis of knowledge further in the history of biology and as a biology major is something that I have studied at Howard University. The phenomena of natural selection are taught in grade schools as the reasoning of evolutionary change and it is all thanks in part to Charles Darwin and his book. Darwin do es note that he is not the first person to notice an evolutionary change but his way of processing it and his reasoning for why is what makes him different. Darwin did not write his book to be solely for academia and although he is a wildly respected and achieved academic his findings affected the world and he knew that. Knowing this he sets up the book in a very readable way and is very explanatory in what he says. He even goes as far as to give a disclaimer and say " I cannot here give references and authorities for my several statements; and I must trust to the reader reposing some, confidence in my accuracy" as to say that he is just presenting the research that he has found and drawing his conclusion and it is up to the reader whether or not they believe him and want to believe this conclusion based on the evidence presented. This book was wildly accepted as a reasonable explanation for evolution and the process of genetic changes by academics and seculars alike. The early parts of the book explain his theory in detail while the ending part is more of a defense against any critics that could or have to arouse to doubt his th eory. When writing this book, I feel the main purpose of Darwin was education and knowing what really happens on the planet we inhabit. He wanted to spread the knowledge that he had found and wanted to showcase what has happened before and what will essentially happen again. When writing this Darwin faced a lot of criticism and skepticism from people who did not believe what he believed to be so true. The church was a big roadblock in the face of evolution because of their belief system. Darwin's beliefs were labeled as Darwinism and something that should not be believed in or associated with if you were a part of the church. His theory of descent with modification and the belief that people could have evolved from another species goes against everything the church was teaching and therefore to them was incorrect and even blasphemous. He also takes the time to address and inconsistencies that might be in his findings and do not relate with other scientific findings. He goes in depth about the inconsistencies and why they are there and

Not All Memes are Bad

Not All Memes are Bad Not All Memes are Bad Not All Memes are Bad By Maeve Maddox I’ve recently become interested in the concept of the meme (rhymes with seem). The word was coined by British biological theorist Richard Dawkins in his 1976 book The Selfish Gene. Dawkins is an evolutionist. He argues that the human mind evolves in a manner similar to biological natural selection. He wanted a word similar to gene to describe the way ideas and beliefs spread and mutate. He bases the word meme on a Greek word meaning â€Å"something imitated.† We need a name for the new replicator, a noun that conveys the idea of a unit of cultural transmission, or a unit of imitation. He gives examples: Examples of memes are tunes, ideas, catch-phrases, clothes fashions, ways of making pots or of building arches. Just as genes propagate themselves in the gene pool by leaping from body to body via sperms or eggs, so memes propagate themselves in the meme pool by leaping from brain to brain via a process which, in the broad sense, can be called imitation. Here’s the definition given in the OED: meme:  A cultural element or behavioural trait whose transmission and consequent persistence in a population, although occurring by non-genetic means (esp. imitation), is considered as analogous to the inheritance of a gene. The word meme and the idea behind it is itself a meme and has propagated a new branch of science called memetics. The new memeticists have expanded Dawkins’ original definition and are not presently in total agreement as to what exactly meme means. Outside the scientific realm, the word meme is used to describe the replication of words, phrases, and ideas on the internet. In this context it refers to the item that â€Å"goes viral.† Scientists are also quick to compare the meme to a virus or a parasite. I question the wisdom of this method of explaining the action of the meme in a scientific context. It fosters a negative attitude towards the word that does not apply to its sister word gene. virus: fig. and in figurative contexts: a harmful or corrupting influence; (a form of) moral or intellectual perniciousness. Also in weakened use: a phenomenon liable to spread rapidly and pervasively. OED Memes, like genes, should be studied as objectively as possible. Not all genes are â€Å"good.† Not all memes are â€Å"bad.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterWriting the CenturyEnglish Grammar 101: Sentences, Clauses and Phrases

Global Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Governance - Essay Example The conclusion contains brief recommendations for action to make free trade really "free". An initial look at the term globalisation implies that some "thing" or "phenomenon" is spreading throughout the globe and in the process becoming "global", or globalising. Whilst diseases, ideas, information, or even weather disturbances can go global, the current usage of the term "globalisation" is in reference to free trade in goods, services, and labour among the world's nations. Thus, globalisation and free trade are understood to be one and the same. Micklethwait and Wooldridge (2000) described globalisation (p. xvi) as the "integration of the world economy, reshaping business and reordering the lives of individuals, creating social classes, different jobs, unimaginable wealth and, occasionally, wretched poverty." Stiglitz defined it earlier (2002, p. 164) as "the integration of countries and peoples of the world brought about by the enormous reduction of transportation and communication costs, and the breaking down of artificial barriers to the flow of goods, services, capital, knowledge, and people across borders." The use of "integration" in both definitions implies a reference to a previous state marked by separation. Integration in the context of international trade signifies that economic and business laws, political systems, cultural differences, and all other factors that act as barriers to the economic relationship amongst nations are minimised or removed, made compatible and attractive enough for trade to take place. Free trade amongst nations is not a recent phenomenon. It has been going on for centuries, and as discussed in the next section, it has caused prosperity and poverty, sometimes becoming a prelude to wars as nations battled each other for supremacy. Trade amongst nations was pretty straightforward, regulated by the law of supply and demand and bartering. But as societies became complex and the control of wealth shifted from nobles to industrialists, the world's socio-economic order underwent a radical shift as the growth in populations increase the pressure for governments to satisfy the people (Yergin et al., 1998, p. 189). The driving force of free trade was Britain, the world's superpower in the 18th and 19th centuries. British goods were traded all over the globe, made from materials extracted from colonies that spanned an empire where the sun never sets. Law and order were maintained by a powerful army and navy that kept trade routes safe. London's financial system dipped its fingers into every business pie. Understandably, Britain sowed the intellectual seeds of globalisation and free trade, inspired by the works of Adam Smith (The Wealth of Nations, 1776), David Ricardo (On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, 1817), and James Stuart Mill (Elements of Political Economy, 1821). Smith emphasised the invisible hand of free markets that

Ted Cruz for President Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ted Cruz for President - Essay Example The website takes into considerations Christian conservatives. His address littered with the types of rhetoric that appeal to the credulous in America. He stated that God’s blessings had been with America from the beginning and God is not done with America. He drives his support by calling on millions of conservatives who rose to reignite the promise of America. His words and zeal give hope that seems unattainable (TedCruz 1). He tends to give people promises that seem unrealistic. He advocates for change by promising on new ideas. His strategy aligns with an agitation for the rights of the minority, or instance, are the religious conservatives. The conservatives follow the Bible teachings and expect everyone to conform (Cruz for president 1). They create an ideal society of Christianity. His campaigns have the themes of developing tougher immigration laws, the right to bear arms, a more robust foreign policy, and an end to Obamacare. He raps all his motives in the flag of American exceptionalism, divine providence, and naked nationalism (Cruz for president 1). Americans view his ideas and philosophies differently. Most Americans believe that where he wants to take them is where they came from some centuries back. For instance, a society with sexual inequality and with women denied the right over their bodies. In his campaign website, he ludicrously lists the repeal of the Obamacare as the primary thing that Americans need to do to restore the economic opportunity. He is also fighting for the end to ethanol subsidies and an end in the Export-Import Bank. He positions himself as real small government opponent of the called crony capitalism (Cruz for president 1). He, therefore, helps in the fight for a socialist society. Cruz also calls for the fight for traditional marriage. He gives hope to the minority. His ideas seem to vary with other candidates as stands out with an aim of coming up with

Business Environment and Organisational Purpose - Scuba diving market Essay

Business Environment and Organisational Purpose - Scuba diving market in UK - Essay Example mployees driven by organizational mission of creativity, quality and sustainability, the manufacturer is now recognized as one of the leading manufacturers in scuba diving equipment. Evidently, some of its products that are now widely used in diving spot include diving masks, snorkels, B.C.Ds and Fins. These products have been purposely designed to meet diverse needs of diving sports. The purpose of the Mares manufacturers in anchored in their strategic marketing strategy, it strives to meet the dynamic market of the diving sport and recreational needs. It envisions the growing nature of global sport coupled with the dynamism in customers taste and preference; the company believe that its purpose in the market is to meet such diverse customers needs. Scuba Pro is another leader in manufacturing of diving equipment in today global market. For over fifty years, the company has continue to be ranked as one of the companies with high quality and affordable diving equipment. In addition, their products, branding in the marketing has been incredible in giving them an edge in the competitive market. Driving by their mission of becoming an innovative hub in diving equipment, the manufacturer has produced regulators, dive computers, wetsuits and much more equipment to meet the dynamic diving market. The employees contribution to the overall success throughout its existence has been incredible. It will go down in diving sports history that Scubapro was the first creative producer of a computer radio transmitter that measures the tank pressure through wireless technology. In addition, the equipment allows for measurement of heart parameters. The manufacturer stabilizing jacket monitors buoyancy. In line with the purpose of this company, creativity and innovation in diving equipment has been an important marketing platform. The company purpose is to introduce innovation and creativity into the diving equipment designs in order to enhance the equipment efficiency in

German 1000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

German 1000 - Essay Example It is a good idea to have different monuments for the different groups. Although all the groups were victims of the Nazi, they were murdered for different reasons. As such, it was a good idea to have the monuments of the different groups separate. It is a good idea to have an underground place of information on the holocaust memorial. This information centre lists the names of the Jews who were killed in the holocaust. It is a good idea to have the names of the victims for commemoration purposes, educational and research purposes (Blumer 67). The name â€Å"memorial of the murdered Jews† singles out the Jews that were killed by the Nazi. It does not include the Jews who died of old age and diseases in the concentration camps. I think a better name for the memorial would be â€Å"a memorial for the holocaust victims†. We have a holocaust museum in the United States, but we do not have a single museum fir slavery or genocide in the country. I think this is because while the Americans did not perpetuate the killing of the Jews, they helped end it and that is why we have a holocaust museum. However, in the case of slavery, the United States perpetuated slave trade and does not have a slavery museum. I think Americans want to wash away this part of their history. There have also been numerous arguments that Africans were both the perpetrators and victims of slave

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Taxation - Essay Example This way, a universally applicable tax framework will serve to eliminate tax avoidance issues. Another argument for this proposal is based on the premise that; the establishment of such a global universally applicable tax framework will create transparent and comparable information in financial statements (Gassen & Sellhorn, 2006:n.p.). This is because, when all countries and consequent all organizations are applying a globally universal tax framework, they will produce similar and comparable financial statements in all respects, which will then enhance transparency, and consequently help end tax avoidance issues (Ault & Arnold, 2010:47). The application of a universal tax framework globally, will bring a convergence of the International Financial Standards and the accepted National Accounting Standards in different countries worldwide (Ball, R., Kothari & Robin, 2000:44). The convergence of the two set principles will the seal the possible loopholes applied for tax avoidance. First, the regulatory frameworks of different countries in relation to taxation are very different, with some taxable aspects of the incomes and revenues within some countries being exempted from tax in other countries (Hope, 2003:236). This means that establishing a universal taxation system will eventually create inherent flawed tax accounts, which are not suitable for the purpose of inspection by the authorities (Nobes, 2002:72). While financial statements are made for the purpose of the stakeholders of any organization, tax accounts are purely prepared for the purpose of authority inspection and in fulfillment of the necessary tax obligations (Barth & Lang, 2008:469). Therefore, the establishment of one international tax framework will eventually create a conflict between financial accounting and tax accounting. Another argument against the proposal is that; a universal global tax

Product Costing - Traditional Methods and Activity Based Research Paper

Product Costing - Traditional Methods and Activity Based - Research Paper Example By doing this they maintain zero inventory of building parts or what is called as raw materials (RM). Dell enjoys a loyal customer trust globally. One of the reasons for this is that the base prices of their laptops and other products are practically the same across continents. Product pricing at Dell is a serious and well thought over process through strong market research and consumer inputs. Based on the marketing debrief the research and development (R&D) center starts developmental activities on the consumer centric product. The engineers work under the strict constrict of the product cost based on the marketing requirement. The first level of product cost brainstorming is between the marketing, sales and engineers at the R&D. All quality cost parameters namely prevention, appraisal and failure (both internal and external) are considered. In the six sigma jargon another cost is considered, cost of poor quality (Juran, 1988). Dell as an organization completely negates this hidden quality cost. The costing activity of consumer goods in my organization follows the above mentioned steps towards deciding pricing of a bathing soap. The main ingredients of a bathing bar are soap noodles, fragrance, permitted colors and fillers. The cost of a 100 g net weight of bathing bar is $1.5.

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Taxation - Essay Example This way, a universally applicable tax framework will serve to eliminate tax avoidance issues. Another argument for this proposal is based on the premise that; the establishment of such a global universally applicable tax framework will create transparent and comparable information in financial statements (Gassen & Sellhorn, 2006:n.p.). This is because, when all countries and consequent all organizations are applying a globally universal tax framework, they will produce similar and comparable financial statements in all respects, which will then enhance transparency, and consequently help end tax avoidance issues (Ault & Arnold, 2010:47). The application of a universal tax framework globally, will bring a convergence of the International Financial Standards and the accepted National Accounting Standards in different countries worldwide (Ball, R., Kothari & Robin, 2000:44). The convergence of the two set principles will the seal the possible loopholes applied for tax avoidance. First, the regulatory frameworks of different countries in relation to taxation are very different, with some taxable aspects of the incomes and revenues within some countries being exempted from tax in other countries (Hope, 2003:236). This means that establishing a universal taxation system will eventually create inherent flawed tax accounts, which are not suitable for the purpose of inspection by the authorities (Nobes, 2002:72). While financial statements are made for the purpose of the stakeholders of any organization, tax accounts are purely prepared for the purpose of authority inspection and in fulfillment of the necessary tax obligations (Barth & Lang, 2008:469). Therefore, the establishment of one international tax framework will eventually create a conflict between financial accounting and tax accounting. Another argument against the proposal is that; a universal global tax

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Essay Example for Free

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Essay This article has deeply looked into the importances of education. The different perspectives that the author of the article has used in explaining the significance of education has made me to understand the noble part of education which I though was increased economic power. However from the article, I have realized that there are other benefits accrued to education such as improved lifestyle, and also status quo of an individual though they have not been fully exhausted in the article. The completion of tertiary education has also increase in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) members have also learnt that there is inequality in economic earning in the OECD country members with Spain, Luxembourg and Belgium having the lowest level of gender inequality. This however does not conform in all countries especially the developing countries where the level of unemployment is high. There is high level of unemployed graduates in the developing countries which deprive education of its importance. The income rate in the developing countries do not match with education level due to high level of corruption in these countries. It is possible to find a Bachelor degree holder earning less than a college diploma holder. The education in different countries vary in significance and in the developed countries the people enjoy the benefits of education more than the people in the developing countries. The articles analysis on sciences and maths score has brought the clear image of performance across different countries. Just like many people, I could not have imagined that the United States could be led by any other country in the science and technology sector. Amazingly from the articles analysis on these subjects (Science and Maths), Asian countries take a lead including Singapore, China, South Korea and Japan. It have also been noted that different countries differ significantly on the level of education and education attainment. The gender inequality in earning is very prominent in the developing countries which the article should have focused. The article did not include African states in the analysis except in the science and math performance. I feel that the article needed more of comparison on education in Africa with the first world countries which could have brought about a clear view of education in the two disparities. The article could have discussed about the future prospect of education in the world. With the improved technology, different individuals from different countries are able to acquire universal education and hence chances of employment increase. The level of competition in education is also likely to go higher as children at a lower age are being exposed to technology such as the internet. The article need therefore to address the future of education in the globe. The benefits of education are broader than the article is stating. Education plays a major role in the conservation of the environment. The level of education determines the ones level of environmental consciousness. With the threat of global warming, education through creating awareness and providing solutions to the problem can make a difference.

Social vs Liberal Market Economies

Social vs Liberal Market Economies Gabriela Lopez Section I Dictators Dilemma: Dictators can never be sure of how much support they really have because of the repression they practice. As explained in the chapter â€Å"repression breeds fear, which in turn breeds misinformation.† Dictators often have to spend more on civilian or military spies to gain knowledge of opposing parties or disloyal civilians. Since dictators cant be sure of how many supporters they have, they find themselves spending money to buy loyalty. Dictators spend a lot of resources trying to neutralize areas that they believe could be a threat. Military regimes tend to be more paranoid when it comes to measuring the loyalty of the nation. They are aware that in order to gain power they overthrew the standing government; therefore, they know that someone else can do the same to them. It is important for the dictator to ensure the military’s loyalty but spending luxurious amount of money and resources. In Africa in authoritarian regimes it was obvious who was ruling because of the difference in infrastructure from one place to the other. Dictators tend to prefer to spend more on their home areas than anywhere else. It is common for authoritarians to be more generous with the people of own ethnic group. Drogus and Orvis 2012, Chapter 8 Social vs liberal Market Economies: Market economy is the system in which individuals exchange goods and services in a large manner. It is not limited to finished good, this system also includes labor. Social market economies are designed to benefit a larger amount of people. In a social market economy the government is highly involved in creating social goods for the people. They have highly coordinated business communities. In a social economy the government is heavily involved in protecting the citizen’s welfare and providing employment security. Germanys highly productive market economy led to be the leading industrial exporter. They have and extensive welfare policies that cover almost every citizen of the nation. Germany has been successful at keeping the productivity levels high, secure wages, and low inequality levels. In contrast, a liberal economy limits government intervention. The United States is an appropriate example of liberal economy, the states has allowed the economy to take its course with little of no intervention. The market has crashed more than once, taking the nation’s economy down with it. The bargaining levels are not as efficient in a liberal economy that in a social economy because of the lack of government intervention. The bargaining happens between the employer and employee, and unfortunately for the working class we get paid what the employer things the labor is worth. The United States continue to be one of the wealthy countries that don’t provide its citizens with welfare. The United States has been successful in creating good growth, keeping unemployment rates in a moderate state. On the opposite side, the United States has high inequality and poverty levels compared to other wealthy countries. Drogus and Orvis 2012, Chapter 5 Market Externalities: Market externalities are one of the three causes of market failure. Market externalities occur when the cost or benefit of the product is not reflected in the market price, this in turn reduces efficiency. The market price should include the price of production and the price of the damage it creates. Environmental damage is often considered an externality because the company that created the pollution did not pay for the damage. When a factory pollutes the air they create a long term health problem for the people that inhale it. Therefore, some people believe that industries should be limited to the amount of pollution that they can release to the environment and or be responsible for the full cost of their production. Efficiency can also be maximized if both the seller and the buyers know the full cost of the product; this is known as â€Å"perfect information†. The 2008-09 recessions were partially caused by investors not knowing the full cost. Home buyers were so desperate to buy homes that they didnt check the variable interest rates that were in the contracts. The high mortgage payments would be higher than what families could afford after a certain period of time. This happened to my family back in 2009, my parents lost the home that they had invested so on because the mortgage payment double from one month to another. I explain this part of my life to show that I completely understand market externalities. Drogus and Orvis 2012, Chapter 5 Four Welfare Policy Types: Social policy can be categorized in four distinct types: universal entitlements, social insurance, mean tested public assistance, and tax expenditures. Universal entitlements are the benefits that the government provides equally to all its citizens, these are funded with taxes. The only example that can relate to the United States is public education, which is a right that every citizen has. Some believe that is an indirect component, the government only offers free education because that will decrease the poverty level in the future. In Europe the universal entitlement is more direct, they provide cash benefits to the families to help pay for the expenses of raising a child. People dont always agree with universal entitlements because they feel that its a waste of money that is going to people that dont need it. Social insurance is a form of insurance that you only get if you have contributed to the funds. For instance, in the United States we have social security, the pension system created by the government to help you when you need it. The money is taken out directly from the paychecks and its put into the general fund. Young people pay for the elder’s social security and in turn we rely on the future generations to do the same. People are more supportive of social insurance because they dont have to question the reasons why people get money. Means-tested public assistance are the programs that only people that fall under low income levels get. SNAP, CHIP, WIC, TANF are programs offered in the United States to families that need financial assistance. The tax payers dont always agree with means-tested public assistance because they are funded with their tax money. The working citizens that contribute the nations general tax fund dont feel that the people receiving welfare benefits are worthy of the assistance because they are getting money that they did not work for. Tax expenditures are tax breaks that only specific people get. This social policy is different from the rest because the government is not spending money on providing you with assistance; instead they allow you to keep this money. This is sometimes helps families to keep money that they can use to purchase a home, which would stimulate the economy in a different way. Tax breaks can be limited to certain groups of people and they are meant to help lower poverty and inequality. Drogus and Orvis 2012, pages 564–596 Cap and Trade: Cap and trade is and incentive given to companies by the government that is intended to reduce the pollutant that a company releases into the environment. The government gives vouchers to the companies that allow them certain units of pollution, the companies are then free to trade or exchange with other industries that have a higher cost of pollution. The companies that cannot afford to but cleaner technology to create less pollution can buy more rights from the companies that can easily upgrade to more ecofriendly technology. The downside to the cap and trade system is that any company with enough resources can buy all the rights it needs, creating some trouble areas where they will suffer from severe pollution. The government still has to limit the amount of right a company can buy to be able to successfully make the cap and trade system work. Some suggest that a simpler solution will be to directly tax pollutants. Drogus and Orvis 2012, pages 564–596 Part II Is political science actually science? Political science as Aristotle described it is the study of the state. Political scientists preoccupy themselves with studying nations, states, and government policies among other things. As defined by dictionary.com science is the study of a subject that deals with facts systematically arranged to show the operational of general laws. Based on that definition I will say that political science is definitely a science. The study and comparison of the state policies and nations is no easy task, it requires hard work and years of study to find out what works for society and what doesnt. Comparative politics is possible because even when nations are not exactly the same they do have similar variables that can help weight the differences. Thanks to comparative politics we are free to â€Å"exchange ideas† with other nations. Throughout the course we have compared many nations and their rules and we have being able to make our mind on what we find correct and the things we wish to stay away from. For instance most of us already had an idea of what democracies are, but little did we know that there are different types of democracies. The type of democracy that we find politically correct is the one in the United States, the nation that allows a liberal market economy, and holds free and fair elections regularly. Other nations that are not democratic have adopted the term to make them sound democratic like the Democratic Peoples Republic of North Korea and the People Republic of China. Communist countries have gone as far as to adopt elections and have democratic institutions. Then there are nations that are recognize as democracies but don’t measure up to the definition of the word. Comparative politics ha s allowed us to measure how democratic a nation is based on contestation and inclusion. Political scientists are constantly focusing their studies on topics such as health care and the different types of health coverage offered across the world. Most of the world has adopted the idea that health care is a social right. Everyone is regardless of social status has the right to get the appropriate health coverage they need. Most wealthy countries have been able to intervene in the market to be able to create universal coverage to the citizens. Even though the United States has not taken it into its own hands to recognize health care as a social right it, it does claim the provision of the best health care possible to the largest number of people. Comparative politics has put the health care systems into perspective to be able to adequately identify which one serves the largest amount of people. In Germany the national health insurance system has been a success, the government has mandated that every must have health insurance. Since the government regulates insurance compa ny’s there’s absolute control on how much those companies can charge for premiums and health procedures. National health insurance only works for wealthy countries; most citizens in poor countries cannot afford insurance. Some countries implement a modified version of the national health insurance that adapts to the peoples budget, or that only benefits the higher classes. The national health system is also more common in wealthy countries. This system is government financed and managed. Doctors that work in a national health system get their income directly from the government. Therefore the government can regulate the cost of procedures and drugs. Poor countries attempt to enforce the national health system by offering services through public clinics and hospitals. Market based insurance is the least common; the insurance game is ran by markets. This allows limited government regulation which in turn creates high prices for the citizens to pay. Even though, the market based economy is usually pricier due to the lack of government regulation, the size of the population that doesnt have health insurance is relatively small. Comparative politics sets the examples of what country we want to be like. Do we want to continue to have a market based insurance system or do we want to be like Germany where health care is a social right? Political science has helped us gain knowledge of things that have failed in the past to keep us from making the same mistakes in the future. Everything in this world can be measured and compared; some things are more obvious to the eye than others. Comparative politics is certainly possible. If it wasnt for the patience and dedication of political scientist that live to reject their theories there might not have been such great advancement in the world. Citations: Clark et al. 2009, Chapter 5 Drogus and Orvis 2012, pages 564–596 Essay 2 Advanced Democracies Advance democracies are countries that have institutionalized democracies and have high levels of economic development and prosperity. Originally, advanced democracies were considered â€Å"first world† countries, they were ahead of all others because they were growing economically and they had declared themselves democracies. Referring to countries as first, second and third world had to be redefined because countries with oil-based economies began to become wealthier but werent exactly heading toward democracies. The biggest challenge that advance democracies face is staying ahead in the economy game. Advanced democracies can be identified as such by looking at the degree of institutionalization of participation, competition, and liberal. Advanced democracies have open market policies and high levels of private property ownership. A small portion of the economy is based on agricultural. Advanced democracies initially replaced agriculture with industrialization, which is now being replaced by education, real estate and other parts of the service sector. Liberal democracies all share common characteristics of high economic development based on industry and services. However some differences stand out. Advance democracies take different approaches to measure freedom and inequality. Liberal democracies limit the freedom that the citizens have. For instance, some countries like the United States allow abortion as long as they are done before the first trimester. In other countries the government can go as far as to ban abortions all together. Every country can takes different approache s to protecting certain liberties. Todays advanced democracies are rational, materialistic, and bureaucratic. They give greater importance to individualistic freedom than collective equality. Advance democracies are undergoing social, political and economic changes. These changes have shifted from having an economy that was based on industrial and agricultural goods to service sector economies. Most of the people in the nation are employed in the service sector, instead of producing something that can be sold or traded people are working in finance, retail, and health care. According to the reading three quarters of the population are employed by the public sector, the â€Å"made in China† stickers are to blame. Globalization has made it easier for companies to move to foreign countries to pay for cheap labor. Industries have migrated to China and India among other countries where labor is so cheap it outweighs the cost of transporting the goods. Advanced democracies are faced with the daily challenge of keeping unemployment levels down by creating different jobs. Globalization has made it easier for communist countries to draw economic growth their way. Being a manufacturing company in the United States comes with more costs than what companies can afford. In the United States environmental awareness is rapidly gaining attention, companies find themselves either having to buy newer ecofriendly machinery or buying pollution rights from other companies. Environmental issues might not be that big of a concern in developing countries, they are yet to see the long term cost of the rapid economic development theyve been enjoying. In consequence advanced democracies no longer have the advantage of selling â€Å"home-made† products. Companies in advance democracies have taken the rational approach to increase their individual gain while ignoring the nation’s economic needs. Globalization has made the challenge of even greater, economic growth more difficult. Fortunately, the market has been creative enough to come up with jobs that might not have existed years ago. The main concern is to come up with leverage to somehow be able to compete with growing economies that are benefiting from the companies that have found better business opportunities elsewhere. As a supporter of advance democracies, I believe in the strength and the efficiency of the countries to successfully compete in foreign markets. The United States must be able to produce something that other nations want to invest on, in order to have even trade with other countries. I also admire globalization and how easy it is to be united with other parts of the world. I believe that globalization is a threat when countries are competing for economic growth. The United Stated and other advance democracies should not ignore the importance of trading manufacture goods, there should be some incentive plans to keep American companies in American soil. Citations: O’Neil 2010, Chapter 7

Movies: Entertaining and Educational Essay -- Entertainment, films, e

Films are usually developed for several reasons. Most film writers and directors come up with films that present or represent certain thematic and topical issues that they have in mind. These issues may be meant for entertainment purpose as well as educative purposes. It is essential to note that films usually carry societal connotations (Guynn 127). They depict the desires and pains of people within the society. They capture lifestyles, cultures, and political issues, social and economic issues among others. Cinematic and narrative elements of movies together with other stylistic devices help to bring out the intended meaning or outcome. Modern filmmakers have creatively used various aspects that show events that depict historical growth of particular nations. These films show the reasons why certain historical aspects have faded away or have remained and why they hold particular importance to those nations. Au Revoir les Enfantes also known as Goodbye Children is about a French boarding school that is under the administration of priests (Everett 49). The school seems to be a place of protection where people enjoyed peace and harmony until a new student gets into the school. The new student was allocated a room, which he could share with a student who was top in his class. Despite the fact that they became rivals at their first contact, they later form an inseparable bond linked by a shared secret. They became friends one night when they got lost in the woods and are rescued by German soldiers. The soldiers wrapped them in blankets and drove them back to school. The film was written and directed by Louis Malle. It was produced in the year 1987 (Everett 49). The movie is based on an event that happened in January 1944. Louis... ...pened in particular countries. They achieve this through cinematic and narrative conventions. They depict class struggles in these historical periods. The films are used as representative of national cinematic history, such as Rossellini and Vittorio being used as representative of Italian neo-realists. Autobiographical elements have also been used to authenticate the thematic development of the films. Louis Malle used his autobiographical elements to influence the themes of Au Revoir les Enfantes. They represent a realistic version of the fiction film. Therefore, the above films clearly show that films can be important aspects when studying the historical information of particular nations. This is because the films can be used to pass information from one generation to another. Therefore, they are essential tools in the representation of historical information.

Technicolor Styles Essay -- Music Analysis

From humble, shy beginnings, the singer-songwriter Adam Young, now most famed for his project known as Owl City, has risen to become a well-renowned techno-pop artist. Young’s career as a musician and lyricist began in his home in Owatonna, Minnesota, where he worked on composing lyrics and sounds in his parents’ basement as a side hobby after a day of work at the Coca-Cola warehouse (Bonham). He initially posted his products of creativity and inspiration on Myspace in 2007, sharing the works that came to be part of his self-released Owl City EP known as Of June (Universal Music Publishing Group). His full-length debut as Owl City came in 2008, when Young digitally released his album, Maybe I’m Dreaming (Universal Music Publishing Group). Young’s popularity spread much further with the release of Owl City’s first official album, Ocean Eyes, in 2009 (Universal Music Publishing Group), and the album’s single, â€Å"Fireflies,† reached th e Billboard’s number one spot twice during its initial release (Sisario). In an interview with Chad Bonham from Whole Notes, Young revealed the inspiration he receives from his self-proclaimed â€Å"anti-social† lifestyle and his Christian faith in his songwriting (Bonham). Young’s music has reached thousands of fans, both in the United States and in other parts of the world as well (Sisario). From mellow melodies to catchy rhythms, Young’s sound has captured the fervor of fans all over the nation. Yet, as popular as his sound is, the words of Adam Young’s songs are of equal merit and creativity. The words and messages of these songs alone convey the variety with which Young composes. Such songs as the romantic works â€Å"On the Wing† and â€Å"If My Heart Was a House,† the inspiring works â€Å"This Is the Future† and â€Å"G... ...d. Web. 16 May 2012. Sisario, Ben. â€Å"From Mom’s Basement to the Top of the Chart.† New York Times on the Web. 20 Nov. 2009. 16 May 2012. Young, Adam. â€Å"Dental Care.† Ocean Eyes. Universal Republic Records. 2009. Young, Adam. â€Å"Galaxies.† All Things Bright and Beautiful. Universal Republic Records. 2011. Young, Adam. â€Å"If My Heart Was a House.† Ocean Eyes: Deluxe Edition. Universal Republic Records. 2009. Young, Adam. â€Å"On the Wing.† Maybe I’m Dreaming. Universal Republic Records. 2008. Young, Adam. â€Å"Plant Life.† All Things Bright and Beautiful. Universal Republic Records. 2011. Young, Adam. â€Å"This Is the Future.† Maybe I’m Dreaming. Universal Republic Records. 2008.

Hard Work

Hard work  will not guarantee you success. Let me explain – the hardest working athletes are not the ones making the most money. The most talented ones in any sport are not often described as being â€Å"hard working† The person who is putting in 12 hour days, sweating and plodding along? Getting the job done and earning very little reward? Do people get promoted within the organization on work ethic alone? Isn’t usually because they know someone, have a natural knack for something, have more â€Å"education†, or were just in the right place at the right time?I’m not saying that  hard work  goes unnoticed. Coaches, managers, leaders – they often go out of their way to acknowledge and praise hard-workers. They are held up as examples to the others and given momentary spotlights, but in the end, it’s not the attribute that brings success. I have seen a lot of hard-working people get treated unfairly over my career in all avenues of life. The person that quietly goes about their business and bothers no one is rarely acknowledged. The person who has a knack for doing a lot of things well is â€Å"too valuable† to move to higher positions of authority.Hard working people are often not vocal enough to â€Å"too their own horn† and get noticed, so they are not noticed (they believe their work speaks for itself). How many people do you know that are the fall guy to get stuff done? If no one else wants to do it, we know the guy or gal we can count on to get ‘er done, right? Am I wrong? So what value is â€Å"working hard†, and why should we work hard, or expect those we lead work hard as well if there isn’t a visible payoff? Well, there’s 2 things here I want to say.Number 1 – as a leader, if you have people in your organization that work hard – make sure you acknowledge them and take a deep, accurate look at how you treat them. Are you taking advantage of them? More importantly – you, the hard-worker. Why should you work hard? Do you work hard for a reward (pay, promotion, or prestige)? Should you work hard for these things? What about for self-pride? I’m talking ego – I’m talking good pride. I’m talking about sleeping well at night, knowing that whether you work for someone else, or work for yourself, you can take pride in putting forth an ffort today that made you, your oganization, and others you served better. I think there’s much value in hard work, and I believe that kind of pride in working hard reflects our creator. But be careful, don’t try and equate hard work and being busy as one thing. I’ve seen plenty of people that are masters at being busy doing nothing, appearing to work hard, and leveraging that to try and get ahead. That shows very little self-pride as well. So work hard, get satisfaction from doing a good job. Take pride in what you do.Just don’t ask your w ork to be the catalyst for pushing you to higher levels of success – that is asking too much of something so simple. Thoughts on hard work? Hard Work CAN Kill You Hard work never killed anyone. (Proverbial) Overworking can be seriously damaging to your health. Stress and long hours heart problems, increased susceptibility to infection, fatigue disorders like CFS/ME†¦ and even suicide. We live in a world where we often feel pushed to  do  more. You might be under pressure from your peers, your parents, or society in general.You might well have internalized these influences – and you may believe that to be â€Å"successful†, you need to have a high-flying career or a huge salary. Ultimately, though, you won’t be able to enjoy the fruits of your hard work if you ruin your health in the process. Working hard isn’t always a good thing. It can actually end up being selfish and destructive, if: * Your long hours cause problems for your family * Y ou’re short-tempered with colleagues or employees * You make mistakes because you’ve been working too hard You lose your sense of perspective, and let work take over your life How to Keep Work in Perspective Recognize the importance of other things – like friends, family, hobbies, sufficient rest and relaxation†¦ If you’re working hard in the hopes of retiring early, ease up on work and enjoy your  whole life a little more – instead of hoping for a few golden years at the end of it. If you’re working hard to buy more things for your kids, ask yourself whether it’s really more money that they need – or your presence. If you’re working hard because you feel that you â€Å"should† – then remember that this is  your life, and it’s up to you to decide how to live it. * *

Zara – SWOT Analysis

Topshop was setup in 1964 in the basement of a department store. It became part of Arcadia Group Ltd alongside shops like Miss Selfridge, Wallis, Dorothy Perkins and Outfit. Now, they have over 300 stores in the UK and ship to more than 100 countries worldwide. Oxford Circus in London is Topshop’s flagship store; they’ve also recently opened flagships in Chicago and New York.Topshop specialise in on-trend and high-fashion clothing. They sell Women’s, Baby, and Maternity. Topshop have collaborated with many designers and celebrities like Christopher Kane and Kate Moss to create fresh and unique looks. They are also the first ever high street brand in history to attend London Fashion Week.Communication is a way of passing on a message or transferring information. A business needs accurate and relevant information so they can make important decisions in order to remain competitive. There are two different types of communication; internal and external. Internal commu nication means communication within the company, for example a manager to all shop-floor staff. External communication is the company communicating with others outside of it, its customers.Topshop communicate internally and externally public in a variety of ways. One example of external communication would be Twitter. Twitter is a social networking site that has millions of users. Topshop use Twitter to interact with their customers; this may be to reveal new items, keep them up to date on events, or even handle customer complaints. By using Twitter, Topshop are keeping their customers up to date with important information as they know that most of their target market (16-34 years) use the website. Other social media Topshop use are Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr and Pinterest. Many departments that would use this way of communication would be Marketing, PR and IT.Email is a way of communicating both internally and externally. Internally, Topshop would use email to communicate between staff, for example Head Office emailing all staff to inform them of an upcoming event, a new range  etc. Topshop can email externally through newsletters. Newsletters (handled by IT or Marketing and PR) inform their customers of new clothing ranges, upcoming events, trend alerts, and sales. People can subscribe to these by putting their email address into the website. This way, Topshop can keep their customers up to date with important information.Another type of external communication that Topshop use is YouTube. YouTube has over 1 billion different users each month (in the UK), and Topshop use this to their advantage. They have their own channel which has over 35,000 subscribers. They upload videos daily of things such as ‘EDITED’ where a Topshop stylist will create outfits with the new collection. Or ‘5 Ways to Wear’, which showcases Topshop’s clothing. YouTube is a great way for Topshop to promote their products and also communicate with their customers. The commenting system on YouTube allows Topshop’s customers to comment on what they like and dislike, or even recommend what they’d like to see next. The IT, Marketing and PR departments would have a strong presence in this type of communication. Styling and Personal Shopping (aka customer service) would have an input too.

Completed [email protected] Report

NATIONAL GENERAL CERTIFICATE Candidate report template (2009 specification) UNIT NGC3 – THE HEALTH AND SAFETY PRACTICAL APPLICATION Student number: Location: Date of review: Introduction including overview of area inspected and activities taking place This report follows an inspection of the building and yard located in †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. in order to meet the requirements of the Nebosh NGC 3 practical application. The areas concerned with this inspection are the works building and one store in the yard and its immediate surrounding area.The building consists of a canteen area, an office for admin duties, two toilets, a locker room, a drying/store room for personal protective equipment (PPE) and a small store room. In the yard is one store for the storage of various outdoor work materials and tools. The premises are occupied by up to fifteen staff at any one time. Staff work on a rotation of day and night shifts and the building is used for messing, completing paper work and plann ing work. The yard and store are used for loading and unloading vehicles with work equipment to prepare for railway work.There were no members of staff on duty at the time of the inspection. Executive Summary Upon completion of the inspection I found there were several areas of concern which lead to breaches of the Health and Safety at Work Act (HSWA), the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (RRFSO), the Manual Handling Operations Regulations, the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (MHSWR) and the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER). The health and safety of the employees who are using the premises may also be at risk if some of these concerns are not addressed immediately.Failure to address these issues may lead to attention and possible enforcement action from the HSE and/or the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR). Breaches of statutory duty or failure to comply with improvement or prohibition notices may result in court action being taken which may lead to criminal prosecution and fines of up to ? 20 000 in a magistrates court and the possibility of up to 6 months imprisonment. A detailed description of the findings is listed below with reference to specific observations given in brackets.Main findings of the inspection Fire precautions The Regulatory Reform Fire Safety Order (RRFSO) requires that fire fighting arrangements must be provided in the workplace (18). Although there are fire extinguishers located throughout the building there is an absence of any extinguisher in the office. Therefore there is an urgent requirement to have extinguishers installed here as employees would be in extreme danger if a fire were to start in the office. The RRFSO also states that fire exits must remain free from obstructions at all times (1).The PPE blocking the fire exit is not only creating a tripping hazard but it is putting the health and safety of the employees at risk of becoming trapped in the building if a fire were to start. Ma nagement of Health and Safety Many of the observations are the result of a poor Health and Safety management system which could easily be rectified by members of staff and at a very low cost to the organisation. (2,3,8,10,12). Use of rail steel as doorstops presents a significant risk of slips, trips and falls and is a very easy problem to rectify.Other housekeeping issues such as tangled cables, hand cleaners being stored near eating and drinking utensils and overflowing waste paper bins are all issues that will present a very poor image to visitors but are low cost and not time consuming problems to resolve. These issues may also be in breach of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999. PPE. Issues The Personal Protective Equipment regulations state that all PPE must be suitably stored and maintained (1, 14). The PPE blocking the fire exit must be removed and all the old PPE in the store room should be disposed of and replaces as it is no longer fit for purpose .The heater in the drying room (6) also needs urgent attention as its purpose is to dry out PPE used by employees in wet weather conditions. With the heater not functional this has an impact on the ability to maintain the PPE to a good standard. PUWER Issues The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations state that employers must ensure that all work equipment is suitable, maintained and inspected (7, 17). The old fax machine in the office has been out of use for quite some time with service tags out of date and there has been no effort to have it repaired or replaced.It is creating a tripping hazard as well as breaching PUWER. A similar situation has arisen regarding the water dispenser in the canteen. The employees have shown their concerns about not being able to use the machine and it is in serious need of repair or replacement. This is also creating a welfare issue which must be addressed. Manual Handling Issues There are some issues concerning heavy materials being stored at ground level (13, 20). This is in breach of the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 and presents a high risk of a RIDDOR injury to employees lifting or moving these materials.As suggested these materials must be stored correctly and at waist level to prevent injuries from bending and lifting. This will prevent high costs through RIDDOR incidents and loss of productivity. Conclusions The building and yard are all of modern design with full refurbishments having been carried out as recent as 2007. Many of the hazards found were as a result of a lapse in general Health and Safety management and many of the observations could be rectified by simple maintenance and tidying up of the building and yard.This is a very low cost practice which in turn could improve the Health and Safety of the workforce. The employees have all had a very good level of workplace specific Health and Safety training with certificates on display on the notice board. However this training counts for li ttle if it is not put into practice on a daily basis. It appears there have also been many bad habits picked up over the years such as poor general housekeeping. Employers and employees should take pride in a clean and safe workplace and it also sets a good example to any visitors or potential clients.A safe workplace will also reduce the risk of accidents and ill health to employees and in the long run save money from unnecessary claims, losses of production and a poor corporate image. Recommendations: |Recommendation |Likely resource implications |Priority |Target date | |Fire exit door should remain free |PPE to be removed from exit area and signs to |High |Immediate | |from obstructions at all times. (1) |be erected advising to keep clear. | | |Fire extinguisher to be installed in |New fire extinguisher, ? 30, easy to install by|High |Immediate | |the office. (18) |a member of staff. | | | |Heater in drying room must not be |Wall brackets to be replaced, 1-2 man hours to|High |1 week | |used until it is re-attached to the |fit and reinstate heater to wall, approx cost | | | |wall. 6) |? 50. | | | | | | | | |Arrange for repair or replacement of |Repair could be very expensive, more practical|High |1 week | |drinking water dispenser. (17) |option may be to replace. ?200 approx. man | | | | |hour to install. | | | |Remove battery chargers from power |Install an extra plug socket to prevent |Medium |1 month | |when not in use, and establish better|tangling cables under chairs. Electrician for| | | |layout of cables. (8) |1 hour plus parts. 50 approx | | | |Arrange for a repair to be carried |Hire of a welder for 1 hour. ?50 approx. |Medium |1 week | |out on the entrance handrail. (23) | | | | |Dispose of old office swivel chair |Order the correct replacement chair. ?30-40 |Medium |1 week | |from canteen. 22) | | | | |Bracket for wall mounted first aid |New bracket approx ? 10 and less than 1 man |Medium |1 week | |kit to be replaced. (12) |hour to install. | | | |Remove cut-offs of rail steel from |Source correct doorstops or fit latches to the|Medium |1 month | |doors and keep doors closed whenever |walls.Approx cost ? 15 to fit. 1 man hour. | | | |possible. (2) | | | | |Yard store flooring to be cleared of |General clean up and disposal of any disused |Medium |1 week then review each | |obstructions to gain access to |and waste materials. 2 staff hours | |month | |shelving. 21) | | | | |Steel plates to moved from the yard |1-2 staff hours to store on shelving, |Medium |1 week then review every 3 | |area into the store and stored on |preventing injuries from lifting heavy plates | |months | |shelving at waist height. (20) |at ground level. | | | |Remove spray cans and all outdoor |General clean up of office by staff.Keep all|Medium |1 week then review each | |work equipment from office area. (9) |areas around and under desks free from | |month | | |clutter. 1-2 hours | | | |Install correct hand wash dispenser |Dispenser costs ? 5 a nd takes less than 1 man |Medium-Low |1 month | |in canteen. (4) |hour to fit. | | |

Medical physist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Medical physist - Essay Example There are cases where one becomes lucky and gets multiple job offers to choose from in his field of study. This is not luck but another hurdle to overcome, some people have found themselves in job environments that they never thought would be that way. This is just because they did not make proper decisions before considering the kind of offer that best suits them both in the short and long term. A good job is not just about having the best salary; there are several other things that guide job consideration in a case where one has landed multiple job offers. Proper decision making about job offers is an important process, which needs to be given due seriousness. Most graduates will simply want to close their eyes, line up the offers in front of them and pick on a particular job only to regret later (Ahmed, Hasnain and Venkatesan, 2012). Remember, when you make the decision to choose on a job and later realize that it is not the one you dreamt of, the ones that you had to foregone will not be waiting for your reverse decision. In this age where students graduating have surpassed job offers available means that the door is always opened for the next candidate once you decline an offer from one of your probable employers. As a graduate medical physicist, there may be more that one job offer that may come knocking. Making the right decision about the kind of job to take will be vital since it will be key to deciding your career path. A good career should give the job candidate a good chance for advancement (Mayrhofer, et al, 2005), this means that a lot of decisions have to be given due considerations before the final decision is arrived at. One of the important things to do before signing up any of those job offer forms is to make an assessment about the industry and specific company before joining it. A good assessment can always